If you’ve ever spotted a lump or bump on your skin and immediately panicked, you know the feeling of running to the Internet for answers that only heighten your paranoia. While it’s easy to assume the worst, these growths are often harmless cysts. Understanding what causes them is the first step toward prevention and peace of mind.
This guide will help explain what cysts are, their common causes, and what you can do to prevent them.
What Is a Cyst?
A cyst is a sac-like bump that contains fluid, keratin, or other substances. They can form in many places on your body, like under your skin or around a hair follicle. Similar to tumors (like lipomas), which are solid masses of tissue, most cysts are noncancerous (benign) and painless unless they become infected or press on a nerve.
What Causes a Cyst?
Knowing what causes cyst development can help you take proactive steps to prevent them. Here are some of the most common reasons cysts develop.
Blocked Ducts or Glands
One of the most frequent causes of cysts is a blockage in your body’s natural drainage systems. For example, if the duct of a sebaceous gland (which produces oil for your skin) gets clogged, a sebaceous cyst can form as oil builds up.
Infections
Your body’s response to an infection can sometimes lead to a cyst. As your immune system fights off bacteria or other germs, it may wall off the infected area, creating a pocket filled with pus. This is common with acne cysts.
Injuries
When the top layer of skin cells is damaged, it can get pushed deeper and multiply, forming a sac. This structure then fills with keratin, a protein that makes up your skin, hair, and nails.
Genetics
Sometimes, a tendency to develop cysts runs in the family.
Hormonal Imbalances
Hormones play a significant role in your skin’s health. Fluctuations, especially during puberty, menstruation, or menopause, can increase oil production and lead to clogged pores. This environment makes it easier for acne cysts to form.
How Can You Prevent Cysts?
While not all cysts are preventable, you can take steps to lower your risk of developing certain types. Making a few simple changes can help keep your skin clear and healthy.
Practice Good Hygiene
Clean skin is a great first step. Washing your face with a gentle cleanser can help with keeping your pores free from blockages by removing surface-level dirt, bacteria and oil.
Follow a Proper Skincare Routine
Look for products designed for your skin type.Your dermatologist is an excellent resource for learning more about your skin type and which products would work best for you. It is also important to be consistent.
Manage Underlying Health Conditions
If you have a health condition that contributes to cyst formation, such as a hormonal disorder, consider working with your doctor to help manage it. Proper treatment can help regulate your body’s systems and reduce the likelihood of cysts.
When You Should See a Doctor
Though most cysts are harmless, it’s always a good idea to get any new or changing lump checked by a professional. If a cyst becomes painful, red, or swollen, or if you’re simply concerned, don’t hesitate to seek professional advice. Our team at Utah Valley Dermatology is here to help you understand your skin and provide the care you need. You can find out more about identifying and treating cysts here. Don’t hesitate to reach out to our team to put your mind at ease and see how we can help you.